Monti
Phest: A Rich Heritage of South Canara
(Image courtesy: Google)
The celebration of the Birth of Mary, known as the Nativity of
the Blessed Virgin Mary or fondly known as Monti Phest, holds
significant cultural, religious, and social importance in South Canara,
Karnataka. This region, with its rich tapestry of traditions and diverse
communities, observes this feast with great reverence and enthusiasm. The
celebration not only reflects the deep-rooted Christian faith of the local
population but also serves as a unifying event that fosters community and
family spirit and cultural identity. Let me explore the historical, religious,
and social relevance of the celebration, examining its impact on the local
community and family and its role in preserving cultural heritage.
Historical Context
The celebration of the Birth of Mary has its origins in the early Christian
church, with the first recorded feast occurring in the 7th century. The feast
is celebrated on September 8th and is rooted in the belief that Mary, the
mother of Jesus, was born to actively participate in the salvation to humanity.
In South Canara, the Christian community, primarily composed of Catholics, has
embraced this celebration as a significant event in their liturgical calendar.
The arrival of Christianity in South Canara can be traced back to the
Portuguese missionaries in the 16th century. They played a crucial role in
establishing the faith in the region, leading to the construction of churches
and the establishment of Christian communities. The celebration of the Birth of
Mary became an integral part of the religious practices of these communities,
symbolizing hope, purity, and maternal love.
The Nativity of Our Lady or the birthday of our beloved Mother
Mary, also called as "Monthi Phest" by Mangalorean Catholic community
is also celebrated as a harvest festival like 'onam' of kerala, 'pongal' of
Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
As per the local history, “Monthi Phest” has its origin in
1763 in Farangipet in the outskirts of Mangalore. Here, Fr. Joachin Miranda, a
Goan Catholic priest of secular credentials, who lived around 250 years ago,
started this practice on top of a hill, on the northern bank of the Nethravati
river where lies an ancient place called Monte Moriano.
It is also known as Mount of Mary. Oral history goes to state
that the Nativity festival of our Lady was first celebrated at Monte Moriano to
coincide with the annual feast of the church. The term 'Monthi' has been
derived from the word 'Monte' and over the years has been modified to be known
as 'Monthi Phest'.
Religious Significance
The Birth of Mary is celebrated with various religious observances, including
Mass, prayers, and processions. The liturgical significance of this feast lies
in its emphasis on Mary’s role in the salvation narrative. As the mother of
Jesus, Mary is venerated for her obedience and faith, making her birth a moment
of joy and gratitude for Christians.
In South Canara, churches are adorned with flowers and lights, and special
prayers are offered to honour Mary. The faithful participate in novenas leading
up to the feast, reflecting on her virtues and seeking her intercession. This
period of prayer and reflection fosters a deeper spiritual connection among the
community members, reinforcing their faith and commitment to Christian values.
Cultural Celebrations
The celebration of the Birth of Mary in South Canara is marked by vibrant
cultural festivities that showcase the region's rich heritage. Traditional
music and home-grown vegetable food play a significant role in the
celebrations, creating a festive atmosphere that brings people together.
1. Processions and Community Gatherings
One of the most notable aspects of the celebration is the grand processions
held in various towns and villages. These processions often feature beautifully
decorated statues of Infant Mary, carried by the faithful through the streets.
Participants sing hymns and offering flowers, creating a sense of unity and
shared purpose. The processions serve as a public expression of faith, allowing
the community to come together in celebration.
2. Traditional Hymns
Hymns are integral to the celebrations, with local Choirs leading traditional hymns
that honour Mary. Some of the traditional hymns are – Sakkad Sangatha
Mellya, Moriyek Hogolsiaan, Ballok Moriye Amche Raniy, Naman Naman Monthi mayie, Aaz
Zalmali Mori Zalmali, Naval Vorthavalam and there are many more which
makes the celebration devotional.
3. Culinary Traditions
Food plays a central role in the celebrations, with families preparing special
dishes to mark the occasion. Traditionally, on Monthi phest day the
mature branches of paddy corn on stalk are brought to the church. They are
blessed and offered to the congregation. The blessed stalk of new corn is taken
home. The de-husked corn is powdered and mixed with milk, or a special dish
made of coconut milk; it could be even payasam. It is taken with a great
sense of reverence. Seven to nine varieties of vegetables are cooked for the
festive meal. It is a family feast and therefore all the members of the family
sit together on the floor, pray together and prayerfully drink the new corn.
The eldest member of the family leads the family and after the prayer gives the
new corn (Novem) to the youngest member of the family.
Strengthening Family Bonds
The festivities encourage all members of the family to come together. This
inclusivity helps to break down barriers and fosters mutual respect and
understanding among the family members. The shared experience of celebration
creates lasting memories and strengthens family ties.
A Feast that Empowers Women
Mary is often seen as a symbol of strength and empowerment for women. The
celebration serves as an opportunity to honour women in the community,
recognizing their contributions and roles within families and society. Mary
played an important role in the salvation history, and she was present with the
disciples at the beginning of the Church. Her role in the early Church cannot
be sidelined. The feast therefore invites women to play an important role in
the Church.
Challenges and Adaptations
While the celebration of the Birth of Mary remains a cherished tradition in
South Canara, it faces challenges in the modern context. Urbanization,
globalization, and changing social dynamics have impacted the way these
celebrations are observed.
Preserving Traditions
As younger generations become more influenced by global culture, there is a
risk of traditional practices being overshadowed. Efforts are being made by
community leaders and organizations to preserve the cultural aspects of the
celebration, ensuring that they remain relevant and engaging for younger
audiences. We find today celebration of Monti Phest in wherever there
are Managlorians, be it India or overseas.
A Rich Heritage of South Canara
The celebration of the Birth of Mary in South Canara is a
multifaceted event that encompasses religious devotion, cultural expression and
family unity. It serves as a reminder of the values of faith, community, and
love that are central to the Christian tradition. As the region continues to
evolve, the celebration remains a vital part of its cultural identity,
fostering connections among individuals and communities. We live in a complex
world. Divorces and separation, infights and rivalry among the family members
are normal today. Family members don’t come together and significantly the gap
is widened. Lack of communication among the members of the family has led to
varied problems. The celebration of the birth of Mary could be a beacon of hope
to our families. By embracing both tradition and modernity, the celebration of
the Birth of Mary will continue to thrive, enriching the lives of those who
participate and preserving the rich heritage of South Canara for generations to
come.
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